Its municipal region lies between La Sierra Alpujata
and Sierra Blanca - behind Marbella - , its highlight
being El Juanar Valley, an area of immense natural
beauty. The village itself, surrounded by orchards,
still retains its original Arabic layout, with houses
built on different levels to accomodate the mountainside
on which they stand, and is considered to be one of
the most beautiful in the province. Relics of its
past include the remains of Solis Castle and the Mudejar-style
Our Lady’s Church.
History
Ojen dates back to the Andalusi-Arabic period, when
it was known as Oxen or Hoxan, meaning “rugged
place”. Records tell us that in front of the
village walls (now gone) Abderraman III’s troops
fought with the muladíes - Christian converts
to Islam - led by Omar Ben Hafsun in rebellion against
the dominance of the Emirate of Cordoba. Having defeated
the muladíes, Caliph Abderraman III ordered
the building of a mosque as proof of Moslem supremacy
over Christian converts. Following the village’s
capture by the Catholic Monarchs, one hundred moriscos
- Moslem converts to Christianity - and 4 Christians
remained, all of whom were devoted to agricultural
tasks. However, by the mid 16th century, the moriscos
had grown tired of the abusive taxes which they were
obliged to pay, and, encouraged by the inhabitants
of Istan, set fire to the village and its church and
fled to the Alpujarra region. By the end of the same
century, the village was practically abandoned. In
1600, it was repopulated by settlers from La Roda
de Andalucia. In 1807, it was declared an independent
village by Charles IV.
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