The River Guadalquivir has been a central feature
of Seville from its earliest beginnings and the topographical
element that has had the greatest influence on the
city.
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The River Guadalquivir, known
in the past as the River Betis, is the most
important waterway in Andalusia and one of the
most important in Spain. It is 650 km long,
has a high flow rate and is the only navigable
river in Spain on which such an important city
as Seville stands. |
The source of the river is in the Cordilleras Béticas,
in Sierra de Cazorla (more specifically the Gorge
of Las Fuentes in the municipal district of Quesada
at 1340 m above sea level). In the past, farmers considered
the ideal farm to be one situated near the sea or
a navigable river, so that the produce could be easily
transported to where it was to be sold. Otherwise,
the produce had to transported by road to the nearest
port. It is a well-known fact that it used to be much
quicker and economical to transport goods by river
or sea than overland, particularly in the case of
bulky loads, such as agricultural produce.
A sunny day or a spring evening is the ideal time
to take a walk along the Guadalquivir, following the
course of the river through the city of Seville. The
effects of the irregular flow of the river, subject
to sudden and violent freshets and the pulsing of
the tides, and the complex sandy river bed have significantly
marked the history of the city.
It was in Roman times that the river began to play
an increasingly important role in maritime transport,
as it was navigable from the Atlantic Ocean to the
inland area of the region of Andalusia, specifically
to the port of Seville. Later, the Moors who settled
in the area were amazed at its grandeur and gave it
its current name, Guadalquivir. They continued to
use it as an important trade route. In the 17th century
the port of Seville declined in importance and splendour,
although its influence on the landscape, people and
traditions of the city has survived to the present
day.
There are now boat trips along the Guadalquivir from
the city centre to the mouth of the river near the
wonderful Doñana Nature Park. Shorter boat
rides from one end of Seville to the other provide
a different view of its monuments.
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The river is an exceptional witness
to the history of Seville. In the 15th century
all the ships bringing treasures from the New
World berthed at the Port of Seville. At the
end of the 19th century and on the occasion
of the 1929 Ibero-American Exhibition, the Guadalquivir
was the undisputed centrepiece of urban development.
The new bridges built across the river figured
as some of the most striking features of the
renovation of the city carried out for the 1992
Seville Universal Exposition and to meet the
challenges of the 21st century. |
The construction of new infrastructures for the 1992
Exposition included numerous bridges. One of these
was Alamillo Bridge, designed by the great architect
Santiago Calatrava. It is around 140 m high and is
"suspended" by cables forming an obtuse
angle. The original project included a similar bridge
facing the opposite direction on the other bank, but
the idea had to be scrapped for financial reasons.
One of the cables caught fire a few days before the
bridge was due to undergo load testing. The top of
the structure resembles a horse's head, and its eye
serves as a vantage point.
Bridge of the Barqueta. On the site where the old
pier crossing the Guadalquivir was located, the Pasarela
de Barqueta-Mapfre was constructed. Planned by José
Arenas de Pablo and J. Pantaleón Prieto, and
consisting of only an archway and a line of pendulums.
This construction is one of the principle entrances
to the Expo site. Pasarela de la Cartuja is a pedestrian
bridge that is 172 m long, a record length for a bridge
supported only at the ends.
Cristo de la Expiración Bridge is also known
as Cachorro Bridge, because it was built over the
piece of land cutting off the river known as the Corta
de Chapina, which was then removed to let the river
flow under it. Traffic over the bridge is very busy,
as it is part of the main route for the A- 92 from
Seville to Huelva. Delicias Bridge is a drawbridge
built to replace Alfonso XIII Bridge, better known
as the Iron Bridge (Puente de Hierro) and a legacy
of the 1929 Exhibition. It is on one of the main routes
connecting Seville and the Aljarafe area.
Located near Tablada and Los Remedios, it has helped
to solve some of the traffic problems endured by those
living in these neighbourhoods and in La Raza, La
Palmera and Reina Mercedes.
The Quinto Centenario Bridge is also known as "San
Paquito Bridge" owing to its similarity to the
Golden Gate in San Francisco. It has three lanes in
each direction and a reversible lane. When it was
built, it was the longest bridge in Spain. It is considered
part of the SE-30 ring road as it links the Cadiz
motorway junction to Tablada. It is high enough for
the passage of large ships.